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V. James Bamford (born September 15, 1946) is an American bestselling author and journalist noted for his writing about United States intelligence agencies, especially the National Security Agency (NSA). Bamford has taught at the University of California, Berkeley, as a distinguished visiting professor and has written for ''The New York Times Magazine'', ''The Atlantic'', ''Harper's'', and many other publications. In 2006, he won the National Magazine Award for Reporting for his article, "The Man Who Sold The War", published in ''Rolling Stone''. ==Life and career== Bamford was born on September 15, 1946 and raised in Natick, Massachusetts. During the Vietnam War, he spent three years in the United States Navy as an intelligence analyst. He was assigned to a National Security Agency unit in Hawaii — as part of his three years of active duty in the Navy during the Vietnam War. With the G.I. Bill he would earn his law degree as Juris Doctor, International Law from Suffolk University Law School in Boston, Massachusetts. Then, as a reservist in law school, he blew the whistle on the NSA when he stumbled across a program that involved illegally eavesdropping on US citizens. He testified about the program in a closed hearing before the Church Committee, the congressional investigation that led to sweeping reforms of US intelligence abuses in the 1970s.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Edward Snowden: The Untold Story )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=The NSA and Me )〕 After graduation, he decided to write his first book about the NSA: ''The Puzzle Palace'' in 1982. At several points he was threatened with prosecution under the Espionage Act, a 1917 law. Those threats had no basis and were never carried out. Rather than practice law, he entered the field of journalism, becoming an expert on the then highly secretive NSA. His book was researched through the extensive use of the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA).〔(National Security Agency: "American-Cryptology-during-the-Cold-War-1945-1989-Book-IV-Cryptologic-Rebirth-1981-1989" )〕 As a then super-secret agency, NSA was concerned about its unveiling to the world; accordingly, the government reclassified certain documents in an effort to stop publication. The publication of his book resulted in threats of prosecution, when the Department of Justice claimed that he was holding classified documents. His counter argument was that the documents had been given to him under review by the Carter Administration and were declassified when he got them; under an Executive Order in place at the time, documents that had been declassified could not be "reclassified". President Ronald Reagan later issued a new Executive Order to make it possible to reclassify documents, but that could not be applied against Bamford due to Constitutional prohibition against ex post facto law.〔, Democracy Now, Bamford interview with Amy Goodman and Nermeen Shaikh. 2012 Mar 12 (via youtube)〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=The NSA and Me )〕 He next published ''Body of Secrets'', also about the NSA, in 2001, and ''A Pretext for War'' (2004). His 2008 book, ''The Shadow Factory'', became a ''New York Times'' best-seller and was named by ''The Washington Post'' as one of "The Best Books of 2008." It was the third book in his NSA trilogy and focused on the NSA involvement in the 9/11 investigations and intelligence failures. The NOVA's ''The Spy Factory''〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=NOVA - The Spy Factory )〕 was based on this book. Bamford now lectures nationally in the United States and was a distinguished visiting professor at the University of California, Berkeley. He also spent nearly a decade as the Washington investigative producer for ABC's ''World News Tonight''. In 2006, he received the National Magazine Award for Reporting, the top prize in magazine writing. Bamford was also a consultant for the defense of NSA whistle blower Thomas Andrews Drake.〔 In 2014, Bamford conducted the lengthiest in person interview to date with NSA whistleblower Edward Snowden in Moscow. The interview was published in Wired magazine in August of that year with the title "The Most Wanted Man In the World".〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「James Bamford」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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